Archaeological Dates and Periods

• Lower Paleolithic Period ( ca. 1.8 million - 100,000 B.C. )
• Middle Paleolithic Period ( ca. 100,000 - 40,000 B.C. )
• Upper Paleolithic Period ( ca. 40,000 - 16,000 B.C. )
• Epipaleolithic Period ( ca. 16,000 - 8500 B.C. )
• Neolithic Period ( ca. 8500 - 4500 B.C. )
• Chalcolithic Period ( ca. 4500 - 3300 B.C. )
• Early Bronze Age ( ca. 3300 - 2000 B.C. )
• Early Bronze I ( ca. 3300 - 3000 B.C. )
• Early Bronze II ( ca. 3000 - 2700 B.C. )
• Early Bronze III ( ca. 2700 - 2300 B.C. )
• Early Bronze IV ( ca. 2300 - 2000 B.C. )
• Middle Bronze Age ( ca. 2000 - 1500 B.C. )
• Late Bronze Age ( ca. 1500 - 1200 B.C. )
• Iron Age ( ca. 1200 - 539 B.C. )
• Iron Age I ( 1200 - 918 B.C. )
• Iron Age II ( 918 - 539 B.C. )
• Persian Period ( 539 - 332 B.C. )
• Hellenistic Period ( 332 - 63 B.C. )
• Roman and Nabataean Periods ( 63 B.C.- A.D. 324 )
• Early Roman ( 63 B.C.- A.D. 135 )
• Late Roman ( A.D. 135 - 324 )
• Byzantine Period ( A.D. 324 - 630 )
• Early Byzantine ( A.D. 324 - 491 )
• Late Byzantine ( A.D. 491 - 630 )
• Early Islamic Period ( ca. A.D. 630 - 1174 )
• Umayyad ( A.D. 661 - 750 )
• Abbasid ( A.D. 750 - 969 )
• Fatimid ( A.D. 969 - 1171 )
• Crusader ( A.D. 1099 - 1189 )
• Late Islamic Period ( A.D. 1174 - 1918 )
• Ayyubid ( A.D. 1174 - 1263 )
• Mamluke ( A.D. 1250 - 1516 )
• Turkish / Ottoman ( A.D. 1516 - 1918 )
• Modern ( A.D. 1918 - Present )

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